Essay on The Theory of Comparative Advantage - 766 Words

Buy American. In recent years, and especially since the recession, this has been the mantra of ‘patriots’ across the nation. The recent jobs bill that went through Congress may even have subsidies to encourage it. But what effect would buying products made in the United States really have? Would it create jobs for Americans? Would it save the flailing auto industry? Or would it ultimately hurt our economy? According to the Theory of Comparative Advantage, the latter could be true. Rather than only buying merchandise from the US, we should refocus our workforce towards industries in which we have an advantage and trade for products created abroad. This is the only way that our global economy can flourish in the long run. Why does buying†¦show more content†¦But is it really? Economics tells a very different story. While it is imperative that we create more jobs for Americans, this is only a temporary bandage over the much larger wound in the system. According to the Theory of Comparative Advantage, self-sufficiency is never the most efficient way to survive. The United States must expand its trade with other countries. In fact, this took place in December of last year; exports from the United States grew by 3% from the month before, probably because the weak dollar made American commodities more appealing. However, Americans responded as you might expect: by spending that windfall on even more foreign goods. It is still encouraging that exports have risen at all, though. It is a sign that there is still hope. What about the failing American auto industry? Ultimately, they are in markets in which the United States does not have a comparative advantage. For decades Japan, Germany, and others have been at the forefront of the auto industry, with enormous advances in quality and fuel efficiency. During the same period, Americans developed the Hummer. Additionally, General Motors and Chrysler received billions of dollars from the federal government to try to save the jobs of the people that they employed. That represents a huge investment that the auto manufacturers are unlikely to return in full. This was a monumental waste. We should simply relinquish the auto market to otherShow MoreRelatedInternational Trade Theory Of Comparative Advantage And Absolute Advantage1485 Words   |  6 PagesSeveral theories about international trade explain why countries have the opportunity to trade, theory of comparative advantage and absolute advantage. Adam Smith came up with the theory of absolute advant age where the country that produces more of one good that another country has simply an absolute advantage over it. This theory normally constructed with two commodities and two countries. In Schuhmachers article â€Å"Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage and the use of doxography in the historyRead MoreThe Theory Of Comparative Advantage By David Ricardo1419 Words   |  6 PagesEconomists have promoted free trade since the conceptualization of the theory of comparative advantage by David Ricardo in the early nineteenth century. The policy implication of Ricardo’s theory was a transition from trade protection to free trade. As an academic concept the theory is one of static general equilibrium, however the model does not provide any logical framework for dealing with factors such as technology gaps, or strong competition from developed countries. The model’s static and simpleRead MoreDavid Ricardo s Theory Of Comparative Advantage1504 Words   |  7 Pa gesDavid Ricardo is a well-known economist who found it hard to make his big break in the field of economics. He created the â€Å"Theory of Comparative Advantage†, or free international trade. His ideas he had were hard for people to grasp, and understand at the time, and even today. Over his career, he encountered some struggles, but he kept doing what he thought was right, and fair, and in the end he was successful. David Ricardo was born in London in 1772. He grew up in a large family with more thanRead MoreA Traditional Trade Theory Based On Comparative Advantage1781 Words   |  8 Pagestraditional trade theory based on comparative advantage(e.g. Ricardian and Heckscher-Ohlin model) has been criticised for its ineffectiveness in explaining the trade flow between industrialised countries and the exchange in differentiated products. This gives rise to a new trade theory which incorporates the scale of economies, product differentiation and imperfect competition into the discussion of trade pattern as a complement to the conventional theory(Krugman, 1980). While standard trade theory assumesRead MoreThe World Trade Organization and The Theory of Absolute and Comparative Advantage 2197 Words   |  9 PagesWhy the famous theory of absolute and comparative advantages did not work when the GATT and WTO were created? In the world of internationalization and globalization, which worships money and encourages ever growing trade, it is very difficult to find a model and further implement it into the modern system so that it would be efficient, eco-friendly and yet economically viable for all participants. Most suggested models are in my opinion out of date and do not answer the current world trends andRead MoreFree Trade Is Beneficial And Grows Economies Due By The Theory Of Comparative Advantage988 Words   |  4 Pagesbeneficial and grows economies due to the theory of Comparative advantage. This theory states that countries should specialize and produce the goods and services in which they are most efficient. This converts a theory in which people see free trade as zero sum game into a positive sum game in which all gain. David Ricardo was the first most to come out with the theory of comparative advantage and he did so almost 200 years ago. His theory was the basis for latter theories to come a nd it was based on the factRead MoreInternational Trade Theory Of Comparative Advantage, Global Operations, Free Trade And Porter s Diamond1673 Words   |  7 Pagescase using theories of international business such as the theory of comparative advantage, global operations, free trade and Porter’s diamond that will be based on the cross-border trade and investment in the world, These theories can be incorporated in the company Logitech, which has made them into one of the world’s leading provider of personal peripherals. This analysis allows the team to develop the knowledge and identify the important implications in which international trade theory can be linkedRead MoreThe Concept of Comparative Advantage1459 Words   |  6 Pages The comparative advantage The concept of the comparative advantage was first coined in 1817 by economist David Ricardo, in his On the principles of political economy and taxation. The underlying idea of the comparative advantage theory is that the countries possess different resources and capabilities and they can produce some specific items in a more efficient manner than other countries can produce the same items, or more efficiently that the same country can produce other items. In suchRead MoreMajor Trade Theories888 Words   |  4 PagesTrade theories Introduction The concept of absolute advantage is one of the most fundamental areas of concern in the study of economics. In its basic meaning, absolute advantage refers to the ability of one individual or party to produce more of a particular good or service than other competitors given the same amount of resources. In this regard, absolute advantage becomes a very important aspect in the concept of international trade as it clearly defines the different areas where countries shouldRead MoreComparative Advantage - Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pagesthe idea of comparative advantage provide a good explanation of current patterns of international trade? For the last two centuries the international trade evolved a lot and many economists tried to explain it. One of the first theories that attempted to explain the international trade pattern was the Absolute advantage theory. A.Smith was a great economist; he is the one who created this theory. For A. Smith countries should specialize in products in which they have an absolute advantage. It was a

Issues with Using Fossil Fuels - 1476 Words

We are reliant on fossil fuels because we use them for nearly everything we do in our daily lives. From driving a car, to flying planes or just using an ‘’iPhone’’ fossil fuels are being used everyday even when we don’t think about it. These fuels include natural gas, crude oil and coal (Coal is not a hydrocarbon). Fossil fuels grant us electricity, heating, fuel for cars and planes. We have been using fossil fuels for the past 200 years but studies have shown that they may not be the best resource to use because they have many issues connected with them. I chose fossil fuels because they are hydrocarbons that we will need to deal with soon in the future because countries are consuming them more and more but the fossil fuels are becoming less and less. The first issue with fossil fuels is that they are finite resource, will not exist for ever and we need a solution for it before it is too late. They cause a lot of pollution and are the main source of CO2 in the atmosphere and other emissions. With fossil fuels come dangerous disasters in nature such as oil spills or other things that destroy the environment. Before we can solve these issues and find permanent solutions we need to find out what fossil fuels are, what a hydrocarbon is and how fossil fuels are hydrocarbons. Fossil fuels are natural resources that come from earth underground. They are formed from dead plants or animals that have been trapped in the ground hence the name ‘’fossil fuels’’. They are hydrocarbons orShow MoreRelatedSolar Energy : Solar Panels999 Words   |  4 Pageschanges and the effect of fossil fuel energy for not only being environmentally destructive but also causing Global warming (the warming that occurs as a result of increase emissions of greenhouse gases) has become a very big issue worldwide. The fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas) which is the main sources of the world’s energy sources have negative natural emissions coupled with the human activities that change the atmosphere’s composition (e.g. through burning fossil fuels) have contributed immenselyRead MoreGenerating Electricity1712 Words   |  7 Pagesgenerating electricity. His method, which is movement of a loop of wire between the poles of a magnet, is sti ll used today. Without electricity, the world would be a different place to live in. Flow Diagram showing how electricity is produced using fossil fuels (GCSE Bitsesize) There are two types of electricity, static electricity and current electricity. On a large scale, static electricity causes lightning and on a smaller scale, gives you a shock when you get out of a car. It can be generatedRead MoreEssay about Energy and the Environment: Fossil Fuels511 Words   |  3 PagesEnergy and the Environment: Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuels are one of the most important things on this planet to the human race. Without fossil fuels we wouldnt have todays current means of transportation, we would have less heating for the general population, energy uses would be more expensive, and overall the economy and the world would not be able to sustain themselves. Even still, the fact that fossil fuels are on this planet will never change, but how we use them and what impacts their useRead MoreThe World s Dependence On Fossil Fuels1706 Words   |  7 PagesDependence on Fossil Fuels Introduction: When you think of fossil fuels what comes to mind? Perhaps you think of the massive oil rigs set up around the world or maybe your mind wonders to how fossil fuels formed in the Earth millions of years ago. Truthfully the full extent of our usage of fossil fuels around the world is widely not realized. Around the Christmas season as you decorate your Christmas trees consider this: if your Christmas tree is artificial then it is likely manufactured with fossil fuelsRead MoreOur Impact On The Environment Essay689 Words   |  3 Pagesleft, resulting in even more damage. Fossil fuels are a non-renewable source of energy, which include oil, coal, and natural gas (Ecomi, 2008). When all the fossil fuels in the Earth are used up, they cannot be replaced. They are produced out of decomposed plants and animals that date back more than six-hundred million years (Bloch, 2009). Currently, fossil fuels are being used very quickly. Almost every modern living function depends on the use of fossil fuels. Without it, the world would have manyRead MoreThe Effects Of Fossil Fuel Energy On The Environment And The Pocket987 Words   |  4 Pageschanges and the effect of fossil fuel energy for not only being environmentally destructive, but also causing Global warming (the warming that occurs as a result of increase emissions of greenhouse gases) has become a very big issue worldwide. The fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas) which is the main sources of the world’s energy sources, is also one of the main causes of the climate change. In addition with s ome human activities (e.g. through burning fossil fuels), they have contributed immenselyRead MoreFossil Fuels ( Oil, Coal, Natural Gas )1743 Words   |  7 Pages Fossil Fuels (Oil, Coal, Natural Gas) Debbie Burrell SCI2000 Gwynedd Mercy University Abstract Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy that were form billions of years ago. The three different types of fossil fuels in the world include: oil, coal and natural gas. Although each of the three types of fossil fuels are extracted differently they are all processed and used as the world’s primary sources of energy. Being the world’s primary sources of energy, fossil fuel experienceRead MoreNuclear Energy as a Power Source1029 Words   |  5 Pagesaims to explore the views of those who support nuclear energy as a source of electricity and those who oppose it. It will also analyze the issue of using nuclear energy as a power source, why this issue is so significant as well as the people involved in this issue. 2. The issue Due to the rising cost and at the same time, the declining availability of fossil fuel, many countries seek cheap, alternative ways to produce electricity for their people. As nuclear energy is cheap because of the large amountRead MoreFossil Fuel Vs. Fossil Fuels1684 Words   |  7 Pagesnatural deposits of fossil fuels (Science Daily). There are 3 types of fossil fuels that we use today. Oil, coal, and natural gas make up the majority of our energy source. These resources have been developing in the earth’s crust for billions of years before humans came into existence. Without fossil fuels the world would not be where it is today. The purpose of this paper is to explain the fundamentals of each fossil fuel, the advantages and disadvantages of using fossil fuels as an energy sourceRead MoreThe Misconceptions Of Renewable Energy Vehicles1694 Words   |  7 Pagesfor this, as a use for vehicles’ energy, is because many people believe that renewable energy is necessary to stop climate change. And these people believe this misconception because of green house gases, which are released from the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels create most of the world’s power, which leads to the creation of green house gas emissions, which is why they are usually considered to be â€Å"bad†. Emissions from vehicles are responsible for only 14.7% of the pollution that is released into

Pollution and Environment Essay - We Must Find a Balance...

We Must Find a Balance Between Man and Nature Americas beauty is truly unmatched by anything I have seen! I thought with excitement and ecstasy when I first witnessed the splendor of American landscape. The majestic forests and azure lakes have surpassed the stories I heard while growing up. However, a puzzling sight hampered my sense of admiration when I arrived in New Mexico. Though the steppe around me was untouched, No Littering and Save the Earth signs seemed to be everywhere. It puzzled me why so much effort was put into preserving a land already pristine. At the time, I knew only of the splendor of American landscape and felt that it was only natural for people to preserve the pervasive gem I had witnessed. Gradually, I†¦show more content†¦Albert Einstein once said, It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity. With the rapid evolution in technology today, humans have not always considered the concatenate effects of the new inventions. The creation of the steam engine, the utilization of fossil fuel, and the production of chlorofluorocarbons have all aided humanity but have also caused deterioration to the environment. It is unfortunate that most inventions arrive with adverse effects, but it is a problem that humanity must conquer. Perhaps it is the mistakes of the past that fuel for the desire to preserve the present. Numerous citizens have realized that nature provides us with a multitude of physical and emotional support difficult to find elsewhere. The awe-inspiring Yellowstone National Park is a prime example of a positive human intervention and a supreme triumph for conservationists. This grand sanctuary for endangered animals not only provides scientists with insight into the future of human evolution, but it also furnishes priceless assets such as the golden, spirit-enlightening sunsets and the sweet, rejuvenating aroma of coniferous trees. Despite the cost of conservation and maintenance, keeping a portion of the world free from our direct influence brings gratification to many people and is well worth the effort. Yet the line between preservation and human expansion should be drawn at natural reserves. Nature should only be safeguarded whenShow MoreRelatedOptimal Levels of Pollution2667 Words   |  11 PagesOptimal Levels of Pollution Using the words â€Å"optimal† and â€Å"pollution† in the same sentence may appear daunting to many, however when the notion of an â€Å"optimal level of pollution† is fully explained, it appears more logical and applicable to our current global pollution problem. In his book, â€Å"People or Penguins: The Case for Optimal Pollution†, William Baxter makes several astounding points which lead us to the conclusion that zero pollution is not feasible, therefore we must consider what an optimalRead MoreEffects in our Environment and a Christian’s Role in Preserving and Restoring it1088 Words   |  5 Pagesrange of negative affects concerning the environment, and the current condition of our environment. Pollution alone contributes to global warming and public health warning; while deforestation affects our climate, ecological system, and water table cycle. Research that will be provided in this essay will reveal how pollution and deforestation have m any negative impacts on our environment significantly; by identifying effects on the environment endures. We live in a place that provides us with a muchRead MoreThe Western Relationship With Nature1735 Words   |  7 Pagesmost of this essay focuses on the western relationship with nature, it is important to explore the construct of nature in other societies. This avenue is imperative to this essay as many of the environmental and social issues that are present in today’s world are entangled by a certain subset of Western or European set of values denoting how to interact with the environment. These generally center around the notions of ‘development’ and ‘modernity’. Reading widely on the topic, one finds most of theRead MoreDrinking Water Scarcity and Conservation Essay1809 Words   |  8 Pages In  an age when man has forgotten his origins and is blind even to his most essential needs for survival, water along with other resources has become the victim of his indifference.†    --  Rachel Carson -- The water you see around you, flowing freely, sparkling in the noonday sun, quenching your thirst, bathing you, providing you with life is all limited - there is no place on this planet where new water springs up from a source. 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The final part of this essay will analyze: Starhawks The Spiral Dance, Witchcraft as Goddess Religion, The Homeric Hymn to Demeter, and the Descent of Inanna and examine the pros and cons of the position that a return to goddess worship would save ourRead MoreEnvironment: Energy Development and Environmental Problems11602 Words   |  47 PagesPossibility Is it possible to protect the environment when many countries require increasing amounts of energy to progress? Generic: possible (realistic, difficult, long term probability, short term probability) – requires discussion of impediments (acknowledging condition and trade-off: increasing amounts of energy consumption have an impact on the environment, human will and determination, human ingenuity, international cooperation) Topical: protect the environment (conservation, mitigating consequencesRead MorePopulation Problem in Bangladesh14871 Words   |  60 PagesThe Bangladeshi English Essay Book An Analysis by Robin Upton, January 22nd 2006 Public Domain under (cc) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0 Jan 2006 - Robin Upton - http:// www.RobinUpton.com/research Contents Purpose........................................................................................................... 1 Introduction to Essay Books .......................................................................... 1 Impact of Essay Books .................Read MoreEnvironmental Awareness2432 Words   |  10 Pages The ‘Environment’ is a term used to represent an entire systems, geology, and climate. An Environment can be any scale, including global, regional, local, and even down to single locations, and things like buildings. Often the phrase ‘the environment’ is used to denote the global environment, or a larger regional environment. On a more human level, the environment, the air, water, temperature, and biology of a certain extent of a place are what sustain us, and define the limits of what we can doRead MoreLooking At A Few Of Them3927 Words   |  16 Pagestry to be answered throughout this essay is, how does Hayao Miyazaki use the elements and principles of art to express environmental issues and impacts within his films? Through the use of color, scene composition, and motion, Hayao Miyazaki is able to portray the earth’s natural beauty while also conveying human waste and destruction of the environment and its impacts on all living organisms. Since Miyazaki has done several films with multiple issues, this essay will only be looking at Princess Mononoke

Gene Visualisation, Part 2 Research And Development

Maisa Amà ©lia Fernandes Machado SDES2401 Gene Visualisation, Part 2A – Research and development Genetics Genetics is the science of the genes, the part of biology responsible for studying all things related to heredity, genesis, origin of beings and how inherited characteristics are transmitted through generations. It identifies chromosomical abnormalities during the embryonic development and also plays a preventive and curative part in science, using genetic therapies as corrective measures. Since the most remote times men have become conscious of the importance of male and female in the making of new beings of the same species, as well as characteristics like height, skin color, type of hair or fur, textures, etc. When two dogs procriate, they will generate an animal with dog characteristics and never a cat. But why is that? Between 1856 and 1865 Gregor Mendel made a lot of experiments with peas. His goal was to understand how the inherited characteristics were passed through generations. We can say his experiments originated the field of genetics. The pea is a plant that belongs to the same group as the soy beans. Mendel’s choice wasn’t casual: The peas are really easy to farm, its reproductive cicle is short and generates a lot of seeds. Besides, the reproduction occurs through self-fertilization, which originates descendants with the same characteristics as their parents. Mendel made a lot of different lineages of peas with the characteristics that he intended toShow MoreRelatedChoose a Medical Condition That Interests You and Research It. Write About the Possible Uses of Hypnosis in the Treatment as You See Them.1948 Words   |  8 Pagesmedical condition that interests you and research it. Write about the possible uses of hypnosis in the treatment as you see them. 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They identify elements that are not easily observed, difficult to quantify, but are affecting future circumstances (Maccoby, 2001). Leaders initially frame the scan based on the method(s) they use. Based on their evaluation of the organization’s current state, whereRead MoreStrategic Foresight : Scanning And Planning4390 Words   |  18 PagesRunning Heading: Scanning and Planning Strategic Foresight: Scanning and Planning for the Future Gene T. Roach Jr. University of Charleston Abstract: Strategic foresight centers on the idea that leaders at all levels conduct an environmental scan and make an assessment. They identify elements that are not easily observed, difficult to quantify, but are affecting future circumstances (Maccoby, 2001). Leaders initially frame the scan based on the method(s) they use. Based on their evaluationRead MoreData Mining16277 Words   |  66 Pagesdisasters like oil slicks etc. Other situations where data mining can be of use include analysis of medical records of hospitals in a town to predict, for example, potential outbreaks of infectious diseases, analysis of customer transactions for market research applications etc. The list of application areas for data mining is large and is bound to grow rapidly in the years 173 174 Srivatsan Laxman and P S Sastry to come. There are many recent books that detail generic techniques for data mining and discuss

Clinical psychology Free Essays

string(170) " the components of behavioral Emotive Therapy or RET is an approach the aims to assist anyone with problems overcoming or coping with difficulties achieving their goals\." Throughout this course I learned about many models and theories related to behavioral therapy. My endeavor during the last five weeks through the world of behavioral theories has Ignited and opened my eyes to a career that I never thought that I was ready for or even in to. In this paper about personal models of helping, the following topics about cognitive behavioral therapy will be explored: How and why my viewpoint was formed from the following personal models, my view of helping, the relationship between the clinician and the participant regarding this model, quenches or approaches to change, and a coherent model that Is consistent to the course material. We will write a custom essay sample on Clinical psychology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally, the kinds of problems that can be addressed, the multi cultural issues behind this topic, the limitations and strengths, the population this model can help, and the original thinking behind these models. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy So, what is Cognitive-behavioral therapy and why is it important? According to The Albert Ellis Institute â€Å"Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or CAB was developed my Dry. Albert Ellis In 1955 and It was developed Individuals manage their emotional, behavioral and cognitive 1) The Cognitive Model as described by The Beck Institute of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is â€Å"how peoples perceptions of, or spontaneous thoughts about, situations influence their emotional, behavioral reactions. (Para. 1). So what does this mean in plainly? It means that every persons emotional reactions are a result of their environment and their environment is the result of their emotional reactions. CAB seeks to take someone distorted or dysfunctional thoughts and behaviors and correct them so that they resemble something closer to a reality. These maladaptive behaviors are unhealthy and unproductive to an individuals life and can create an environment that promotes anxiety, d epression, and isolation. Viewpoint Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CAB) is an interesting and exciting model because the whole point of this therapy Is not accepting that a behavior is permanent and that anything can be changed with the right finesse and will. The reason I formed this viewpoint Is because of my brother Jason. Jason has always been the type of anything. This is one of the reasons why I have pursued the field of psychology since I started college. As I said earlier, The Cognitive Model Seeks to change behaviors that re unhealthy for a person and the environment around the person. Now I accept the fact that maladaptive behaviors are all decided on the society or environment that a person lives in, and in saying that, this society does not accept this type of behavior, or at least I don’t believe it does. For many years, I possessed a certain viewpoint towards my brother that created resentment and hate towards him, because I did not understand the basic principles of a theory like the cognitive model. In the last 2 years I have grown to appreciate my brothers behaviors for what they are, distorted ND dysfunctional. This has allowed me to take a large amount of bias and negativity towards him and â€Å"squash it†. Now, I am not a therapist, and I do not claim to be. Because of this, there is only so much of this therapy that I have comfortable with trying. When I started trying to help my brother empower himself and helping him feel more confident in his life, I could tell instantly that he thought as if I were Joking with him or making fun of him. He did not trust me. Because of this lack of trust, it made it trickier to help him. This lack of trust came from so many years of not being round him as much as I should have been and because I myself never treated him like an adult. My viewpoint was formed not only because of my brothers behaviors, but also because of me and my other family members that had always granted Jason the position of being the failure in the family since the day he made his first mistake. This has created an enormous sense of responsibility for me to help others and it gives me the drive and interest in these behavioral models like the cognitive theory of psychopathology, The Cognitive Model. My View of Helping My view of helping is very simple. If I can create a sense of empowerment and responsibility in someone life that make that person feel better about themselves and promotes healthy relationships than I have used my time on earth the right way. My view of helping extends much farther than this still. As I have heard in many of of my classes is that many therapists and counselors use theories of different therapists models to help their clients achieve the results they want to attain. In my career I hope to reach farther and find a theory that is my own. I believe that a theory only makes sense if the person that you are using it with is being helped by it. What I mean by this is that I believe that no one theory is best for each and every person. I know that each individual could benefit from a collection of two theories or possibly a theory that might be tailored specifically for that behavior. Clinician and Participant The relationship of a clinician and a participant regarding behavioral therapy is important to the success of the therapy. Each clinician dealing with a participant that has behaviors that they are looking to change needs that support and guidance of the clinician. During therapy it is necessary to constantly remind each participant hat while they may not be able to control the environment around them, they are capable of controlling and understanding those emotions to better sustain themselves in that environment (Cherry, 2013). Approaches to Change and Problems Addressed Individuals often follow a certain set of beliefs that are reinforced by the beliefs of their family or the people around them. This is where the components of behavioral Emotive Therapy or RET is an approach the aims to assist anyone with problems overcoming or coping with difficulties achieving their goals. You read "Clinical psychology" in category "Papers" RET addresses emotions hat are unhealthy such as, anger, anxiety, depression or guilt. After working towards the goal of eliminating certain behaviors that are considered unhealthy, RET, then focuses to introduce new behaviors or beliefs that are healthier and realistic (Ellis Institute, 2014). Course Material During this course, Models of Effective Helping, the main focus of the learning was on behavior and the theory surrounding behavioral therapy. The theories I personally focused on most of the five week course had to do with behavioral changes. My thought on behavioral therapy is that I consider behavioral therapy to be the most effective type of therapy when trying to correct attitudes or habits that are harmful to them or someone around them. I learned about Dry. Albert Ellis and The Cognitive Model, Ivan Pavlov and his work on Classical Conditioning, and Dry. William Glasses with his creation of Reality Therapy, and development of Choice Theory. These individuals have all shaped my view of how I would use these theories or treat a patient. My view point is leading me to the inevitable role of psychotherapist. Because of this course and all of the interesting theories in it, a passion has come sack to me and many theories have been learned that are all vital in the quest of my career as a behavioral therapist. Multicultural Issues Multicultural issues play a dominant role in how a client finds help or even if that same client receives help at all (Good Therapy, 2014). These multicultural issues range from sexual orientation, race, religion, ethnicity and culture. Additionally a therapy session can depend on what the multicultural issues are with the therapist. Each therapist has a simple set of beliefs that they follow in their daily lives that may also be applied in their therapy practices. Many families in America see mental health conditions as reason for seeing a health professional for help. The difference for someone that has cultural norms may see their family members as someone that talks to god because of their religion, or a certain ethnic traditions accepts this behavior as ritualistic. It is a necessity for each therapist to know a persons conditions as well as their culture considerations so that their therapists will know how to appropriately handle each person differently. Limitations and Strengths The limitations of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CAB) are inevitable to arise with some individuals. When dealing with problems in life, some people will inevitably associate negative feelings with these problems and create a habit of feeling negatively whenever dealing with similar results. The human mind is complex and because of this, there is always going to be a situation that will test someone therapy which can easily back track someone success in therapy. These limitations are present in all models and therapies. Each person is different and because of these differences, and therapy model that may work completely for one person may not work entirely for another. The best way to avoid falling back into old habits is to ATA in therapy, keep practicing these good behaviors, and recognize when you are using self-defeating behavior. The strengths with CAB are more beneficial than the limitations and because of this fact, CAB is considered to be one of the most recognizable forms of therapy. These strengths include: Helping mentally ill short term, The way that this therapy is structured creates an type of environment that is conducive in different settings (group settings, one on one, and even self help books) that ultimately allow individuals to find comfort through an environment that allows them feel more comfortable. CAB not only allows for the safe environment that individuals look for, but during this therapy it teaches them to cope with future situations that may have been hard to deal with previously. Population Served CAB is a therapy that can help any population that is having problems with depression, anxiety, drug abuse, even sleep problems. CAB helps each individuals with these problems become a stronger, more effective individual that can cope easily with hard decisions or situations. A few specific populations that would benefit would be the mentally ill population, The military population and there families, Alice officials, families, and individuals with traumatic pasts. Each of these populations success is dependent on how well each of these groups or individuals follow the therapy and there willingness. This willingness is decided on many factors that are personal to each of these people. Original Thinking The original thinking behind this model was to help individuals change behavior that was dangerous to the person with the habit. Originally Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CAB) was created by Dry. Albert Ellis in 1955 and later developed by many other therapist. The basic and original thought behind CAB was that problems were to caused by situations alone, but how we, as individuals, interpret these situations, which cause out emotional responses and actions (BBC, 2014). This thinking when it started was considered so different and untrue. The thought in the sass when this theory was created was that each persons emotions came from themselves, not because of the situations in that environment. Personally, was my grandfather was still around, he always told me that no matter how hard something becomes, a persons character defines their emotions, he was a firm believer that a persons behavior was a product of themselves, because this is how god made everyone. This had never made sense to me, and so I shrugged whenever I heard this story. Conclusion Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is a theory that assists individuals in changing maladaptive behaviors that are unhealthy and distorted. We explored the beginning of CAB, my viewpoint of the theory of behavioral therapy, the relationship between the clinician and participants, the approaches to change and problems addressed, my course material for this course, the multicultural issues surrounding this therapy, he limitations and strengths, the populations served and the original thinking behind this therapy model. How to cite Clinical psychology, Papers

Accounting Theory for Annual Report and Accounts - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theory for Annual Report and Accounts. Answer: Introduction Throughout the history of UK, the deepwater horizon or BP oil spill is regarded the biggest because the explosion near the Gulf of Mexico destroyed many lives. Further, it also destroyed many businesses including the tourism and fishing industry. As a result, the responsible companies of this disaster faced major financial difficulties, as they had to compensate for the same. Moreover, an attorney group was also framed so that the proceedings related to the same can be conducted and the affected people could be offered necessary aid. The impact of the spill was so huge that even other states were badly affected and many lawsuits were initiated against the company (Broder, 2012). Due to such massive destruction, protection and conservation of the environment are being significant importance. Further, the disclosure mechanism is also required in the current scenario so that an enhanced performance can be obtained. Analysis BP was the prime player in such disaster and thus, it had to tackle every consequence related to the same. Therefore, the stand of BP and inefficiency on the part of regulatory authorities will be done. Besides, this report also intends to evaluate the environment so that impact of such disaster causing mass destruction can be determined. In addition, the financial situation will be also evaluated through this study. The prime intention of this research is to shed light into the inefficacies prevalent in the statutory authorities that resulted in the degradation of ethics and corporate governance practices as a whole (Cleveland, 2010). This study also focuses on the fact that the prevalence of several regimes could have safeguarded such a situation. Financial outcomes Response from BP Due to the spill, it became compulsory for the company to restore the entire affected area and economy as a whole. For such purpose, it spent huge resources that could compensate for the same. This can be proved by the fact that the company for addressing such requirement kept $37.4 billion separately (Mason, 2010). The reason behind such huge amount can be attributed to the fact that there were various activities that required huge resources that would ultimately enhance the public image of the company and minimize the impact of the spill as a whole. The company also expended $20 billion for the trust formed in relation to the same. Nevertheless, when the goodwill of BP came at stake, it was forced to take relevant steps and prudence was not undertaken before the disaster (BP Gulf Update, 2012). Cleanup process It was the prime responsibility of BP to initiate the cleanup process so that the impact can be minimized. The response could be observed in the form of tools and strategies that were framed to collect the oil from the water. For such purpose, BP engaged more than 90,000 individuals and 5000 vessels so that the process could be rapidly undertaken. This process of skimming resulted in the collection of 8,27,047 vessels that depicts the fact of the prevalence of massive amounts of oil in the water (Jacobson, 2013). Corporate responsibility CSR or corporate social responsibility is that tool or framework that assists a company in adherence with all moral or ethical standards. Besides, various oil organizations like Marathon, Chevron have incorporated CSR activities into their affairs and in the present situation, regulatory authorities must take effective steps to ensure that corrective actions are taken in the event of such disastrous situation (Upton, 2011) Environment BP was indulged with many federal agencies so that the restoration process could be maximized. Such agencies assisted the company in carrying out Natural Resource Damage evaluation so that the real picture of the situation can be highlighted and corrective actions in relation to the same can be undertaken. For such purpose, it spent more than $600 million so that no problems could incur especially in relation to financial outcomes (Mason, 2010). Nonetheless, this evaluation came out to be the biggest NRD evaluation ever undertaken under the Oil Pollution Act. In relation to the restoration of wildlife habitats, the company also implemented various surveys and measures. Besides, more than 12000 observatory surveys were also conducted so that birds can be safeguarded. Further, in order to safeguard the sea animals, several rehabilitation centers were opened for protection of the turtles (CBS Chicago, 2013). This can be proved by the fact that around $22 million was spent for the purpose of wildlife habitat. Regulators A powerful strategy was not present that resulted in a huge chain of events. Further, the management did not focus towards competing interest; the inefficacy can be associated with the rules of the environment and the federal government that were highly violated. The theory of public interest also highlights the institutions that play a very significant part in safeguarding the economic effectiveness. Further, it is the agencys role to implement proper measures in relation to the emergence of any contingencies. Besides, it must also be ascertained when such decisions must be allotted to the independent statutory bodies. However, government trustees found it inappropriate to analyze the items and services lost from the ecosystem. Based on the oil spill scenario, it could be found that the statutory system was not proper in nature that resulted in the downfall of the tragedy. Besides, based on various surveys, it was observed that the prevalence of a regulatory system could have prevented such a tragedy. Such misbalance depicts that the theory of public interest was not properly taken into account (Cherry Sneirson, 2010). Furthermore, corporate governance and ethics were also inefficient that enhanced the problem. On a whole, the agencies did not pursue proper tools that were necessary to safeguard the environment and public as a whole. The enforcement resources were also not entirely available in this scenario. Encouragement of the politicians as major regulators The politicians as major regulators assist in offering firmness to the companys affairs, as the regulatory strategies are formed with efficiency and flexibility. As a result, the significant impacts can be properly known. Besides, this is associated with the normative ideologies because such politicians frame the rules to safeguard public interest as a whole. Further, regulations also assist in assuring that the common people are highly at advantage (BP Plc, 2014). On a whole, politicians play a key role in the formulation of relevant plans and policies that can assist in the smooth functioning of the company. Relevant actions that are needed BP oil spill resulted in the development of new and efficient plans and policies. Further, the inefficacies prevalent in the case of BP clearly highlight the insufficiencies of CSR (corporate social responsibility). It must also be noted that BP took relevant actions to restore the tragedy only after the occurrence of oil spill and investigation thereafter. On a whole, the criminal charges and fines were not adequate in nature and punishment cannot alone create a valuable impact. The statutory operations must be strengthened by the emergence of innovative rules and ethical standards (Broder Krauss, 2012). Further, the function and responsibility of the agency must also be concise so that immense pressures could be handled. In addition, monitoring and enforcement must also be given prior consideration so that production and exploration activities can be done after prior approval. On a whole, appropriate disclosures must be adequately offered in the annual report. This can offer an update on the condition to the organizations that can assist them in having a reference on the ecological matters before the arrival of adverse situations. Nevertheless, a proper statement of charges, liabilities, and revenue associated with the environment must be properly considered so that a sufficient estimate can be ascertained (Jefferson Bowling, 2011). Recommendation British Petroleum endeavored to become the biggest market player but it disregarded due to focus on social and environmental conservation. Besides, there was no framework for the fulfillment of required regulations. This makes it clear that it is the duty of government to supervise the functioning of such petroleum companies so that future scenarios can be prevented. Furthermore, it is the duty of companies to operate in a moral way by submitting every policy associated with the hazardous program so that corrective actions can be implemented during any uncertain event. Moreover, the setup of advisory board can also be undertaken so that it operates independently and assists in providing relevant emphasis upon the matters. Conclusion A lawful team is always needed to look after the financial losses especially when it is related with bigger players like BP. The amount of resources spent by the company clearly portray that major issues were encountered by it and even its share prices went drastically down. This is the reason why CSR activities must be duly considered so that adverse situations can be prevented in the initial stages (Fodor Stowe, 2010). Hence, to safeguard such a tragedy, proper committee and provision are required to supervise the matter and without accounting for such sensitive matters, companies like BP cannot aim to attain the largest share of the market. References BP Gulf Update 2012, BP Protecting Wildlife, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.bpgulfupdate.com/external/content/document/4699/1469631/1/WILDLIFE_Fact_Sheet_FINAL_2-23-12.PDF. Broder, J. M 2012, Ruling Favours Owner of Rig in Gulf Spill, The New York Times, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/27/business/energy-environment/transocean-not-liable-for-some-gulf-spill-claims-judge-rules.html. Broder, J. M., Krauss, C 2011, Regulation of Offshore Rigs Is a Work in Progress, The New York Times, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/us/politics/17regulate.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 BP Plc 2014, Annual report and accounts 2014, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp country/de_de/PDFs/brochures/BP_Annual_Report_and_Form_20F_2014.pdf BP Plc 2012, Annual report and accounts 2014, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/investors/bp-annual-report-and-form-20f-2012.pdf CBS Chicago 2013, BP Settles Class-Action Lawsuit Over Tainted Gasoline, CBS Chicago, viewed 21 September 2017, https://chicago.cbslocal.com/2013/08/21/bp-settles-class-action-lawsuit-over-tainted-gasoline/ Cleveland, C. J 2010, Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.eoearth.org/article/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill?topic=50364. Cherry, M.A Sneirson, J.F 2010, Beyond Profit: Rethinking Corporate Social Responsibility and Green washing after the BP Oil Disaster, Tulane Law Review, vol. 85, no.4, pp. 983-1038 Fodor, A Stowe, J.D 2010, The BP Oil Disaster: Stock and Option Market Reactions, Working Paper, Ohio University. Jefferson, J Bowling, N 2011, The Economic and Biological Impacts of The BP Oil Spill, NDS 372.01 Environmental Studies Capstone Seminar. Jacobson, M 2013, By the Numbers: The Oil Spill and BP's Legal Troubles, PBS News Hour, viewed 21 September 2017, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/07/gulf-oil-spill-by-the-numbers.html. Mason, J.R 2010, The Economic Cost of a Moratorium on Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration to the Gulf Region, Working Paper :Louisiana State University. Upton, H.F 2011, The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and the Gulf of Mexico Fishing Industry, A look at Europes Financial Crisis, viewed 21 September 2017, https://hosted.ap.org/specials/interactives/_business/greece_imf/content.swf.

Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Example For Students

Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Five major theoretical bases for counseling in psychology are biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural. Each one of these perspectives searches for answers about behavior through different techniques and researching a clients childhood or adult life experiences looking for answers to different kinds of questions. Due to the different types and styles of counseling approaches, each counselor forms their own thoughts and explanations. The premise behind the biological perspective in psychology is that all actions, feelings, and thoughts are associated with different events in a persons life. Biological psychologists examine how the electrical impulses, hormones, and chemicals flowing through the body can affect behavior. Physocologists are concerned with how the aspects of biology effect peoples emotions and their perception of events. Many of the important findings in psychology from the behavioral theory later evolving into the social learning theory or cognitive social learning theory. Behavior therapists used to believe that actions were responses to stimuli that were learned. This concept led to a broadening of psychology. Many groups that were often overlooked by psychologists until behavior therapy became the dominant school of psychology in the U.S. after the 1960s. The cognitive perspective of psychology focuses on the thought process. Psychologists from this school argue that it is necessary to know what is going on in the mind to fully understand why a person will do the things that they do. The reason for cognitive psychology is to understand how perceptions and interpretations relate to behavior. Why some people turn to violence when insulted while another person will not. Many critics of the psychodynamic therapy do not believe psychodynamic theories have any bearing on psychology. Based upon the fact that many of the psychoanalysis assumptions could not be verified. Research psychologists were more related to philosophy rather than clinical science. Though not as scientific as the other theories the psychodynamic theory is still associated with psychology. The sociocultural perspective concentrates on an individuals culture or society rather than the individual. To understand why people show certain behavior traits. Psychologists look at what effects the persons community and how other people affect a person. These five theoretical bases are similar because they all try to determine what causes a person to be how they are. If I were to do counseling, I think I would like to become a behavior therapist. I am fascinated by what makes a person what they are, and why does a person do what they do? Where do personalities come from? It is said that personality does come from a specific point in a persons childhood, and from there it continues to grow. A counselor must first look at certain assumptions that are commonly made when developing a behavioral theory. The first of these assumptions concerns whether one believes that the behaviors, type of action, a person exhibits are produced by choices and decisions made beyond a clients own control. Everyone has the power to choose their actions no matter of the influence of heredity and environment. A persons actions are not predetermined. Someone who grew up in an abusive and alcoholic family may as an adult become abusive and alcohol dependant. But it can be assumed that people have free will. There is always the option for a person to make his or her own decisions. When our class went to visit a C.A. P.S. rehabilitation house last month, I was able to talk to some of the people that lived there and I learned that each of them did make their own choices. I also learned that they are using their ability to change their choices to better themselves and their environments. I was amazed to see that the people that lived there were people just like me. The difference is they chose to make different choices than I did. .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .postImageUrl , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:hover , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:visited , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:active { border:0!important; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:active , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Farrington's Character Analysis from Joyce's Counterparts Essay Some chose drugs, alcohol and crime. Some made all of these choices and some didnt. I do feel that some choices are learning experiences that can give a person the choice to do better or worse. .